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How To Pick The Right Prop For Your Boat – Bite of the support: the diameter and pitch of the support. Basically, a propeller is just a screw that goes through the water. To better understand how screws work, let’s define the two basic dimensions used to describe all supports: diameter and pitch.
You can often find these dimensions stamped directly onto the boat’s hub or propeller shaft. For example, a propeller is 14 x 19 with a diameter of 14 inches and a pitch of 19 inches, always in that order. Let’s define this term.
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Propeller diameter is fairly easy to understand – it’s simply the diameter of the circle drawn by the tip of the blade as the propeller rotates. Imagine attaching a pencil to the edge of the blade and then rotating the holder on a piece of paper. This draws a circle that represents the circumference of our propeller; the diameter of a circle is the length of the line that passes through the widest point of the circle.
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Propeller engineers determine the diameter of a propeller based on the number of revolutions per minute the propeller rotates and the amount of power the propeller produces. The diameter generally increases for propellers used in slower, heavier boats and decreases for propellers designed for faster boats. A larger diameter prop has a larger blade area so it can handle more power and generate more thrust to propel a heavy vessel. The larger area of the blades gives the engine more “thrust” than a set of aggressive truck tires. But like a tire, the prop’s extra diameter creates more drag, which increases as the boat accelerates. The MerCruiser Bravo Two stern drive, designed for the heaviest yachts, can use propellers up to 20 inches in diameter, compared to the maximum 16 inch diameter of the Bravo One sterndrive and outboard, designed for speed on lighter boats. .
Screw pitch is usually described as the theoretical distance, in inches, that the screw will travel through soft solids in one revolution. Consider turning a twist into a tree or a corkscrew into a wine bottle stopper. I am a 14 x 19 prop so it will move forward 19 inches with each turn. A 14 x 21 prop will move 21 inches with each revolution, which means it will do more work – and move faster – than a 19 prop with the same revolutions. Some Mercury propeller models have a 1-inch pitch, while others have a two-inch pitch.
Changing the pitch of the propeller is like shifting up or down on a bike – you can accelerate from a low gear position, but soon your legs will spin and you won’t go back very quickly. In high gear, you have to push the pedals to get going, but you eventually reach high speed quickly. All else being equal, increasing propeller pitch will decrease engine speed at wide open throttle (WOT), while decreasing pitch will increase WOT speed. If the propeller pitch is too low, the open engine speed may be too high (above the recommended WOT engine speed range) and although the boat may have strong acceleration, top speed will suffer. If the pitch angle of the propeller is too high, acceleration will suffer and the engine will “pull” or not reach the recommended RPM range below WOT. Either condition – too high or too low WOT – can damage the engine and drivetrain components.
The diameter on the Cholesterol model may vary slightly within the pitch range as Mercury engineers have determined the ideal diameter to work with that pitch, the general design of the propeller and the intended use of the propeller. This is why different propeller models can have different diameters, even if the pitch is the same – for example, the Mercury Spitfire® X7 is 13 x 17 and the Mercury Trophy® Plus is 13.75 x 17. There are dozens of variables involved. every propeller design, but most boat owners can find a great selection of Mercury propellers by simply focusing on the best propeller model and pitch. The Mercury Prop Selection Tool is a great resource to help you narrow down your prop choices by answering five basic questions about your boat and engine and how to use them.
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NOTE: Operating the outboard motor or inboard gear outside of the recommended RPM range can seriously damage the motor and void the warranty. Always test the boat in the water after installing a new propeller.
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By closing this message, I acknowledge and agree to the Terms of Use, Privacy Policy, and Cookie Policy, and consent to my data being transferred to the United States when I am outside the United States. , but you don’t have to. In screw designation, the diameter is the first number in the list, followed by the pitch. Diameter is measured by the outer circumference of the tip of the blade, while pitch is the distance the prop theoretically travels in one revolution. Yes, the 15x17x3 designation indicates a 15-inch diameter and 17-inch pitch with three blades.
“There is no perfect propeller that does it all,” says David Miller, Propeller Information Manager at Yamaha Outboards. “There are too many variables in boat design and performance. Every propeller is a compromise. You have to give up a bit in one aspect, like top speed, to gain more in another, like acceleration.
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