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Which Is The Biggest Bank In The World
All four of these banks have something in common, but not in the way you might think. They are the four largest banks in the world by assets.
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Unless you are familiar with China’s financial system, you probably haven’t heard of any of them. But you’ve also heard of other big global banks on this list, such as JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, Wells Fargo, and Citibank.
The major U.S. banks face rivals from China, Japan, France and Spain. See how they rank in our list of the top 20 global banks.
These are the 20 largest banks in the world right now. Each list includes the size of the bank’s total assets, along with other important information:
1. Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Industrial and Commercial Bank of China originated from the Central Bank of China and is strictly controlled by the central government of the country. It has been very important to China’s state-owned giants, providing substantial income. Assets: $5.10 trillion
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As a neighborhood financial confidence boy, the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBoC) was born on the third base.
It happened in the mid-1980s when the People’s Bank of China was broken up. ICBoC is a trade fair designed to support China’s fast-growing state-owned enterprises. What was left of the PBOC became a central bank like the Federal Reserve.
Although still controlled by the Chinese government, ICBC has long been one of the sole commercial banks, leading and growing in the Chinese economy as it became independent. Today it is the largest bank in the world.
2. China Construction Bank China Construction Bank is a Chinese state-controlled bank that is very important to the development of the country’s real estate market. It now operates on at least three continents and is publicly traded on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Assets: $4.31 trillion
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China Construction Bank is China’s largest state-controlled bank and is vital to the country’s commercial economy. The company was founded in the 1950s as China’s sometimes dormant real estate market grew, sometimes hampered by allegations of corruption and self-dealing.
Today, China Construction Bank is still controlled by the Chinese government, but was briefly owned by Bank of America and has operations in Southeast Asia and Europe. It has a small U.S. footprint, but the economy here isn’t huge.
3. The Agricultural Bank of China “AgBank” is a Chinese state-owned bank that aims to support the country’s agricultural sector. Today, it is a diversified commercial bank with offices at major financial institutions around the world and approximately 24,000 branches, mainly in China. Assets: $4.16 trillion
The Agricultural Bank of China (known in the industry as “AgBank”) is another state-owned financial institution critical to the Chinese economy.
The 20 Biggest Banks In The World
Even by the standards of China’s financial system, its history is shocking. Various institutions known as the “Agricultural Bank of China” or “Agricultural Bank of China” have existed since the 1940s. All but the “modern” Agricultural Bank, which originated in 1979, have ceased production.
Today, AgBank is much more than just a sleepy farmer’s bank. It was the world’s largest IPO in 2010, announcing millions of dollars in debt from U.S. backers including Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley. It has offices in several countries and has more than 20,000 branches.
4. Bank of China Bank of China is the smallest and oldest of the “Big Four” banks in China. It was once China’s central bank, ceding that role to the People’s Bank of China in 1980, and is now China’s second-largest commercial bank. Assets: $3.74 trillion
The Bank of China traces its roots back to the Republic of China, which replaced the Qing Dynasty in 1912 and ruled until 1949, when the Communist regime took over. (The Republic of China remains on the island of Taiwan, which China claims as its capital.)
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For most of its history, the Bank of China acted as the central bank and controlled the country’s investments. Although the program ended in 1942, the bank continued to exist and has actually been growing since the communist era, albeit with tight controls on lending and property.
Today, Bank of China focuses more on commercial lending and foreign exchange than China’s “big four” banks. However, it is the second largest lender in the country and as important as the other three.
5. JPMorgan Chase Bank JPMorgan Chase, formerly the Manhattan Company, was a subsidiary of booming New York City in the 1800s. Today, JPMorgan is the largest bank in the United States and the largest issuer of consumer and small business credit cards. Assets: $3.31 trillion
J.P. Morgan is famous for its reputation as 19th-century financier J.P. Morgan who was once rich enough to save the U.S. government from financial crisis. But he did not find the bank’s original company. The year was 1799, decades before Morgan was born.
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It grew out of an original conglomerate called Manhattan Corporation, which over the years became a private financial institution called Chase Manhattan Corporation, which later merged with JPMorgan Chase & Co. In 2000, Chase Bank, a well-known modern institution, was created.
Chase thrived over the next 20 years. It grew sharply during the financial crisis, largely due to the bankruptcy of companies like Washington Mutual and Bear Stearns, and helped rescue the U.S. auto industry by backing General Motors’ $23 billion IPO and 2010 fundraising. Today, Chase is a household name. 5,000 branches, multiple cash back and credit card offerings, and a large customer base in the small business lending space.
6. BNP Paribas BNP Paribas is the largest bank outside of China and the US. Formed in 2000 from the merger of Banque Nationale de Paris and BNP Paribas (formerly BNP Paribas), the bank is one of Europe’s leading lenders and dealers. Assets: $3.05 trillion
BNP Paribas dates back to 1848, when the democratic revolutionary process gave birth to the European colonies. Its predecessor, the National Bank of Paris (CNEP), rose from the ashes of the French financial system to become one of the largest banks in continental Europe.
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CNEP grew through acquisitions before World War I, which devastated the European economy. But the bank withstood the blows of World War II and worse. Note: The French government took over CNEP and three other major French banks after the war and turned them into state-owned companies. They remained until “re-privatization” in 1993, when CNEP changed its name to Banque Nationale.
Another predecessor, BNP Paribas, followed a similar growth pattern through foreign and private acquisitions. In 2000, the couple joined forces to form Europe’s largest bank. BNP Paribas remains dominant despite hefty U.S. fines for noncompliance in 2014.
7. Credit Agricole Bank Crédit Agricole is the largest financial institution in the world. Deeply rooted in the French agricultural economy, the bank remains a favorite of millions of people in France and a major player in European finance. Assets: $2.41 trillion
Crédit Agricole was founded in the 19th century to serve French farmers and small agricultural businesses who had been looking for reliable credit for decades. Crédit Agricole was the first to benefit from a major change in French law in 1880 that allowed the development of cooperative banks—essentially a group of people pooling money to lend to others.
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The idea caught on quickly, and Crédit Agricole soon became a network of commercial banks in rural France. By 1900, it looked more like a traditional bank than a farmer’s bank, and the range of financial products and services continued to expand. After two world wars, he helped rebuild the country.
Crédit Agricole began expanding overseas in the 1970s, with branches in major financial institutions such as Chicago, and ventured into insurance in the 1990s. Today, the company operates across Europe and parts of Africa, the Middle East and North America.
8. Bank of America Bank of America has been a lending institution in North America since its beginnings in the immigrant communities of San Francisco in the 20th century.
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